Israel has a parliamentary democracy. 61 or more of the 120 seats of parliament can form a coalition government by electing a prime minister. After an election, if no candidate wins the support of 61 MPs, a new election is called and the current prime minister continues governing in the interim.
In the recent election, the Likud won 27 seats, and their Orthodox and Religious-Zionist coalition partners won a combined further 26. The 4 centrist Jewish opposition parties won 48, and the Arab parties won 19.
Under a rotational coalition, the two largest parties agree to hand over the prime ministerial role 2 years into the 4 year term.